Void region restriction for additive manufacturing via a diffusion physics approach

A longstanding challenge in additive manufacturing (AM), the presence of void regions in additively manufactured components, causes two main issues: the enclosing of build material powder in powder bed fusion techniques and limiting tool access in critical post-processing operations to remove sacrificial support structures. As topology optimization has embraced and overcome many of the obstacles of incorporating AM constraints into the underlying numerical optimization statement, there exist few solutions that directly address this fundamental void region issue. By developing computationally efficient and effective solutions to this problem, the integration of these two advanced technologies can be fully realized. Drawing on inspiration from the principles of diffusion physics, a particle diffusion void restriction (PDVR) method is presented in this work that is capable of encouraging the optimization scheme to generate final designs that are fully accessible. Additionally, this method empowers the user to choose the type of post-processing method to clear support material (eg, three-axis or five-axis milling operations, number and orientation of part set-ups) and, therefore, quantify the level of costs associated with the post-processing operation. The PDVR optimization framework is demonstrated on multiple two- and three-dimensional test problems, with physically manufactured examples depicting the real-world benefits this method admits.     

A finite line source simulation model for geothermal systems with series- and parallel-connected boreholes and independent fluid loops

A model for the simulation of geothermal systems with parallel- and series-connected boreholes is presented. Mass and heat balance problems are formulated for each component in the system and are assembled into system-level problems. A third problem is formulated to account for heat transfer in the bore field, using the finite line source solution. This third problem is coupled to the system-level heat balance problem by an analytical solution of the heat transfer inside boreholes with multiple U-tubes. The simulation model allows for any number of independent fluid loops within the bore field or within individual boreholes and allows for combinations of specified inlet fluid temperatures and heat extraction rates in independent fluid loops. The model accounts for the axial variation of the fluid and borehole wall temperatures and heat extraction rates. The capabilities of the model are demonstrated through three example simulations.     

基于多维约束的食品包装设计

通过分析与研究,提出食品包装的多维约束设计模型,阐明其区别于传统包装设计的优势。并从需求约束、目标约束、资源约束3个维度构建食品包装多维约束设计模型。通过研究用户需求、市场需求、甲方要求、资源限制等,得到相关约束条件下对应的不同设计映射域。从而明确食品包装设计中色彩、图形、规格、风格、文化等要素,最终完成设计。通过乾州挂面包装设计的实际案例验证了方法和模型的可行性。     

基于需求预测的PaaS平台资源分配方法

针对缺乏PaaS平台下资源需求的有效预测与优化分配的问题，提出一种资源需求预测模型和分配方法。首先，根据PaaS平台中应用对资源需求的周期性来对资源序列进行切分，并在短期预测的基础上结合应用的多周期性特征，利用多元回归算法建立综合的预测模型。然后，基于MapReduce架构设计实现了一个Master-Slave模式的PaaS平台资源分配系统。最后，结合当前任务请求和资源需求预测结果进行资源分配。实验结果表明，采用该资源需求预测模型和分配方法后，相比于自回归模型和指数平滑算法，平均绝对百分比误差分别下降8.71个百分点和2.07个百分点，均方根误差分别下降2.01个百分点和0.46个百分点。所提预测模型的预测结果不仅误差小，与真实值的拟合程度也较高，而且利用较小的时间开销就可以获得较高的准确度。此外，使用该预测模型的PaaS平台的资源请求的平均等待时间有了明显的下降。     

Adaptive neural network command filtered backstepping control of pure‐feedback systems in presence of full state constraints

An adaptive neural network (NN) command filtered backstepping control is proposed for the pure‐feedback system subjected to time‐varying output/stated constraints. By introducing a one‐to‐one nonlinear mapping, the obstacle caused by full stated constraints is conquered. The adaptive control law is constructed by command filtered backstepping technology and radial basis function NNs, where only one learning parameter needs to be updated online. The stability analysis via nonlinear small‐gain theorem shows that all the signals in closed‐loop system are semiglobal uniformly ultimately bounded. The simulation examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.     

Adaptive finite‐time formation tracking control for multiple nonholonomic UAV system with uncertainties and quantized input

An adaptive finite‐time formation tracking control approach is proposed for multiple unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) system with quantized input signals in this paper. The UAVs are described by nonholonomic kinematic model and autopilot model with uncertainties. An enhanced hysteretic quantizer is introduced to avoid chattering, and some restrictions are released by using a new quantization decomposition method. Based on backstepping technique and finite‐time Lyapunov stability theory, the adaptive finite‐time controller is designed for the trajectory tracking of the multi‐UAV formation. The nonholonomic constraints are solved by a transverse function. A transformation is introduced to the control input signals to eliminate the quantization effect. Stability analysis proves that the tracking errors can converge to a small neighborhood of the origin within finite time and all the closed‐loop signals are semiglobally finite‐time bounded. The effectiveness of the proposed control approach is validated by simulation and experiment.     

考虑关节角加速度约束的仿人机器人偏摆力矩控制方法

针对仿人机器人步行过程中存在的机器人关节角加速度约束影响控制性能的问题，提出一种考虑关节角加速度约束的仿人机器人偏摆力矩控制方法.该方法充分考虑了双臂在摆动过程中对偏摆力矩的影响，根据力矩平衡条件得到需要抵消的偏摆力矩的大小与方向，将偏摆力矩的控制问题转化为带约束条件的二次规划问题，并设计了一种在线变步长迭代算法计算得到优化后的双臂摆动轨迹.实验表明，该方法能有效抵消机器人步行中产生的偏摆力矩，避免控制过程中的"削峰"现象，有效提高机器人的步行稳定性.     

Exploring the Impact of Social Networking on Communication in Organizations

ABSTRACT

Social networking technology has the potential to transform how organizations communicate, cooperate, and connect with key stakeholders. Our research explores how social networking technologies are deployed within organizations and how the use of these technologies is related to effectiveness in organizational communication and promotion. We also identify the facilitating factors and constraints around the use of social networking tools for communication. To examine these questions, we conducted interviews with 131 senior level executives across a broad range of organizations and employed both quantitative and qualitative methods of analysis. The executives were asked to rate numerically and then discuss in narrative form a series of questions about IT strategy and issues affecting social networking in their organization. We find important differences both in the types of tools used as well as how they are used and discuss the implications of our findings for companies seeking to more effectively harness social networking technologies.     

Order-of-addition experiments: A review and some new thoughts

Abstract

The study of order-of-addition (OofA) experiments is prevalent in many scientific and industrial areas. The statistical design of experiments (DOE) will considerably improve the efficiency of OofA experiments. Designing and modeling the OofA experiments have increasingly received a great deal of attention. In this article, we review the latest work on the design and model of OofA experiments, and introduce some new thoughts. We believe that this article will motivate fruitful applications in real OofA experiments as well as future developments in the methodology.